%Aigaion2 BibTeX export van HES SO Valais Publications
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@ARTICLE{,
    author = {Buzcu, Berk and Pakula, Marcin and Keskin Yesevi, Gevher and Finarelli, Laura and Rizzo, Gianluca and Zeydan, Engin and Baranda, Jorge and Alcazar-Fernandez, Aitor and Velazquez-Martinez, Javier and Contreras, Luis M. and Kedar, Gil and Kryszkiewicz, Pawe{\l}},
  keywords = {6G, artificial intelligence, Digital twin, Edge Computing, Network Virtualization},
     month = may,
     title = {Modular Multi-Domain Digital Twin Architecture: Sustainable Intent-Driven 6G Management},
   journal = {IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications},
      year = {2026},
     pages = {11},
  abstract = {Future 6G networks will operate across distributed and heterogeneous domain infrastructures, making conventional single-domain management insufficient for proactive, trustworthy automation. Network Digital Twins (NDTs) enable what-if analysis, AI-assisted optimization, and risk-free validation of control actions before deployment, yet monolithic end-to-end twins remain impractical due to scalability, fidelity, and cross-domain coordination challenges. Accordingly, this paper proposes a Digital Twin-enabled 6G architecture that exposes NDT capabilities as a specialized service domain within a multi-domain orchestration framework built on a state-of-the-art service-based 6G architecture. A DT Orchestrator interprets \textit{predictive} and \textit{prescriptive} what-if queries and composes domain-specific DT modules and simulators on demand, while decision authority remains with the requesting entity. Furthermore, a generalized workflow covers telemetry synchronization, simulation-based decision support, and closed-loop execution. The framework is demonstrated through a green-networking use case that couples a system-level O-RAN cellular digital twin component with a two-stage solar-allocation simulator, evaluated over a 105-base-station deployment in Poznan using simulative datasets. Joint coverage and renewable optimization reduces daily grid consumption by 28.5\% with 32 solar panels at the diminishing-returns threshold, with 17 base stations identified as both coverage-active and high-priority solar candidates as evidence that cross-domain NDT coordination enables sustainable, intent-driven 6G network management.}
}